36. PSM - DNB QUESTIONS

• a) Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram. b) Child Adoption - GOI Guidelines.
• a) MR compaign in India. b) Screening Tests - Lead Time, Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive and Negative Predictive Values.
• a) Mission Indradhanush. b) Types of Adverse Events Following Immunization.
• a) Management of premature baby in Labour Room. b) BFHI - Steps.
• a) MDR TB - Diagnosis and management. b) Antitoxin Therapy in Diphtheria - Guidelines.
• a) Monoclonal antibodies in post exposure prophylaxis of Rabies. b) Recent advances in insulin therapy.
• a) Role of Cryptosporidium in causation of childhood diarrhea. b) WHO reduced osmolarity ORS.
• a) Components of Nurturing Care for Early Childhood Development. b) Sustainable Development Goals relevant to children and their health.
• a) Measles-Rubella campaign. b) Epidemiological investigation of a disease outbreak.
• a) Role of Institutional Ethics Committee in research. b) Plagiarism.
• a) Odds-ratio and its limitations. b) Meta-analysis of observational studies.
• List the various study designs for biomedical research with one suitable example for each.
• a) Forest Plot. b) Cochrane Review.
• a) Ethics in biomedical research. b) Intraosseous infusions: Indications and complications.
• Discuss salient features of management of children with tuberculosis as per National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP).
• a) Chi Square test (illustrate with an example a setting where it should be used). b) Quality Improvement Initiatives in healthcare (illustrate with an example).
• a) Briefly describe the indicators of child health. b) List the major programmatic interventions to reduce the IMR.
• a) Pediatric triage management in emergency department. b) Evidence based medicine practice.
• a) IAP Guidelines on junk food, and fruit juices. b) Prevention of obesity in children.
• a) INAP (India Newborn Action Plan). b) Management of a child in the emergency room with peripheral circulatory failure.
• a) District Early Intervention Centre (DEIC). b) Management of a child following kerosene ingestion.
• a) Different immunization campaigns in India and their role in improving immunization coverage. b) Home based newborn care.
• a) Comment critically on 'Evaluation of a diagnostic test study'. b) Positive Predictive Value (PPV). c) Negative Predictive Value (NPV).
• a) Anti-Rabies Vaccine - Different schedules, advantages of each schedule. b) Newborn screening test in relation to Endocrinology.
• a) Discuss Anemia Mukt Bharat with specific reference to children & adolescents. b) Management of Refractory Status Epilepticus.
• a) Neonatal mortality rate - Current status in India. b) Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN).
• a) Adolescent Friendly Health Services. b) Severity scoring systems in PICU (Pediatric Intensive Care Units).
• a) What are the causes of metabolic acidosis? b) World Health organization guidelines for breastfeeding in a baby born to HIV positive mother.
• a) Steps in planning a randomized controlled trial. b) Calculation of alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient and its role in diagnosis of lung diseases.
• a) What is RBSK? Enumerate its components. b) Approach to inborn errors of metabolism.
• a) Pathway for CSF circulation and common causes of obstructive hydrocephalus. b) Current WHO guidelines for AFP surveillance.
• a) Clinical presentation and management of Wilms tumor b) IYCF (infant young and child feeding) strategy.
• a) Components of cold chain for immunization in a hospital setting and its monitoring. b) Diagnostic criteria for autism.
• a) National Neonatal Screening Program. b) Medical management of nutritional rickets.
• a) Fluid therapy in dengue hemorrhagic fever. b) Anti-retroviral therapy in pediatric HIV/AIDS as per NACO guideline.
• a) Components of Nutritional rehabilitation centre. b) ASHA.
• a) Diagnosis and treatment of ADHD. b) Components and benefits of KMC (Kangaroo mother care).
• a) Recent RNTCP guidelines for pediatric TB. b) Management of fulminant hepatic failure.
• a) Neonatal mortality rate- indian current status. b) Physical and metabolic properties, food sources of vitamin D.
• a) Sources of health information for research. b) Tests of statistical significance.
• a) Measures of central tendency. b) Ethical principles when doing research on human.
• a) Mission Indradhanush. b) WHO Classification of community acquired pneumonia in children less than 5 years of age.
• a) Components of structured abstract. b) Study designs
• a) Characteristics of a good research question b) Need and methods of blinding for research
• a) Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) b) POCSO Act, 2012
• a) Infant mortality rate in India - current status. b) Principles of rational antibiotic therapy
• a) Major causes of neonatal mortality and morbidity in India. b) Assessment of fetal well-being in pregnancy.
• a) List the key problems during breastfeeding and their management. b) Screening guidelines for retinopathy of prematurity in India
• a) Observational studies. b) Meta analysis. c) Assessing the validity of a diagnostic test.
• a) Rota virus vaccines: dosage, schedule & side effects. b) Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance.
• a) Strategies to prevent mother to child transmission of HIV infection. b) Capsule based Nucleic Acid Amplification test (Gene Xpert) for tuberculosis.
• a) Aerosol therapy for respiratory disorders. b) Current guidelines for management of H1N1 infection.
• Enumerate the five high impact activities under RMNCH+A programme.
• a) Steps to curb female infanticide. b) Role of micronutrients in pediatric health and disease.
• a) Virology and epidemiology of Swine-flu. b) How is the disease categorized according to Govt. of India guidelines? c) Mention which children need to be immunized and who need to be given medication for the disease.
• a) Evidence based medicine. b) Forest plot in meta-analysis.
• a) Clinical trials - Phase I, Phase II, Phase III & Phase IV. b) Ethics in biomedical research.
• a) Enumerate 4 common neuronal migration disorders and their clinical features in brief. b) Millennium Development Goals (MDG).
• Define severe dengue. Describe the WHO guidelines for its management. Enumerate the complications of severe dengue.
• a) Pentavalent vaccine. b) Microarray and DNA sequencing for diagnosis.
• a) Measures of central tendency. b) Odds Ratio. c) Management of raised intracranial tension.
• a) Mission Indradhanush: Its targets and strategy b) Child Health Screening and Early Intervention Services in Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK). c) Objectives and components of National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme.
• a) First Referral Unit. b) Management of neurocysticercosis c) Enumerate causes of 'Failure to Thrive' and a schematic evaluation plan for the same.
• a) Munchausen syndrome by proxy. b) Meta-analysis. c) Forest Plot graph.
• a) Biology and role of cytokines in newborn infants. b) Oxygenation index. c) ASHA.
• a) MDR and XDR tuberculosis: treatment strategies. b) AVNRT (AV Nodal Re-entrant Tachycardia).
• a) What is bias in medical research? b) Common types of bias and the methods to minimize bias in analytical studies.
• a) What is relative risk (RR) and discuss its implications? b) What is the usefulness of confidence interval? c) Implications of sensitivity and specificity.
• Safe injection practices at level III care with respect to burden/deficiencies, risks, technique, handling and disposal.
• a) Millennium Development Goals - 4 & 5 b) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan c) Mission Indradhanush
• a) Components of ethics in biomedical research. b) 'P'- value and level of significance. c) Allocation concealment.
• a) Define DOTS, DOT agent and DOTS Plus. b) List at least four important components of DOTS. c) Give the categorization of treatment strategy in DOTS.
• a) (i) Definition of polio eradication. (ii) Polio eradication in India. (iii) Immunization issues following polio eradication. b) Near drowning.
• a) Pulse oximetry b) Newer anti-epileptics c) Iron plus initiative
• a) Define sensitivity, specificity & positive predictive value. b) Types of errors in a research study.
• Describe WHO classifications of eye manifestation of vitamin A deficiency. Discuss prevention & management of Vitamin A deficiency in children.
• What is Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV)? What are the advantages & disadvantages of IPV over OPV? What is the schedule of IPV as recommended by IAP?
• Clinical presentation, investigations and treatment of Multi Drug Resistant TB.
• Define severe dengue and describe the WHO guidelines for its management. Enumerate the indications for transfusion in dengue.
• Discuss the following: a) Student's 't' test b) Sample size c) Ethics in research
• Write short notes on: a) ASHA b) MDG (Millennium Development Goal) focused on children.
• Describe the conditions to be considered for approving a 'newer vaccine' in the immunization program of a developing country.
• Write short notes on: a) Mid Day Meal Programme b) Revised National Cancer Control Programme
• Discuss the recent guidelines for diagnosis and management of childhood tuberculosis.
• Outline the goals of Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI). Enumerate ten steps to successful breast feeding. Mention contraindications to breast feeding.
• Describe the advantages and methods of giving Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC). Enlist metabolic consequences of hypothermia.
• Briefly outline the following: a) Tips on parental guidance for computer and internet usage by children. b) Salient differences between the National and IAP Immunization schedule.
• Define the following: a) Herd immunity b) Herd effect c) Vaccine immunogenecity d) Vaccine efficacy; and e) Vaccine effectiveness
• Define perinatal and neonatal mortality. Enumerate important causes of neonatal mortality and outline community based strategies to reduce it.
• Outline the pharmacologic basis of short course chemotherapy of TB. Discuss the rationale, efficacy and characteristic of intermittent regimes.
• Briefly discuss the laboratory diagnostic modalities of malaria and outline management protocol of Plasmodium falciparum malaria as per National Vector Borne Disease Control Program guidelines.
• Enumerate criteria to classify "Possible serious bacterial infection" in an infant 0-2 months of age according to National Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI). Briefly outline the diagnostic importance and validity of neonatal sepsis screening.
• Define combination vaccines. Mention the advantages and disadvantages of such vaccines. Enlist various combination vaccines in use in our country.
• Define Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI). Classify AEFI. Outline the steps of management of anaphylaxis following vaccination.
• Write briefly about different types of vaccine against rabies. Discuss various schedules of pre and post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies.
• Describe the flow chart for diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis under RNTCP. Write briefly on DOT PLUS program.
• Define various indicators of child health which are important in context of monitoring child health in a developing country. Outline the interventions to reduce them.
• Define biomedical waste. Describe its hazards. Outline modes of disposal of biomedical waste generated in a hospital setting.
• Define and describe the following concepts used for measuring growth: a) Percentile b) Percent of median c) Z scores. Discuss their relation to each other.
• Discuss the justification for the addition of neonatal component to WHO generic IMCI programme for making IMNCI strategy. What are the key features of this strategy?
• Write the components, prerequisites and benefits of Kangaroo-MotherCare (KMC).
• What is BFHI (Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative)? Mention its aims & objectives, steps, benefits and assessment of baby friendly hospitals.
• What is Evidence Based Medicine? How are the guidelines based on Evidence Based Medicine developed? How are the recommendation graded for the level of evidence?